Lekwasị anya na ahụike ọmụmụ ụmụ nwoke

Ahụike ọmụmụ nwa na-agafe usoro ndụ anyị dum, nke WHO weere dị ka otu n'ime ihe ngosi dị mkpa nke ahụike mmadụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, "Ahụike ọmụmụ nwa maka mmadụ niile" a maara dị ka Ebumnuche Mmepe Na-adịgide Adịgide nke UN. Dịka akụkụ dị mkpa nke ahụike ọmụmụ nwa, arụmọrụ nke sistemụ ọmụmụ nwa, usoro na ọrụ ya na-echegbu nwoke ọ bụla.

01 Ihe Ize Ndụofọrịa ọmụmụ nwa

Ọrịa ndị metụtara ọmụmụ nwa bụ nnukwu ihe iyi egwu nye ahụike ọmụmụ ụmụ nwoke, na-akpata ịmụ nwa n'ime ihe dị ka 15% nke ndị ọrịa. Ọ bụ Chlamydia Trachomatis, Mycoplasma Genitalium na Ureaplasma Urealyticum kpatara ya. Agbanyeghị, ihe dị ka 50% nke ụmụ nwoke na 90% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọrịa ọmụmụ nwa na-adịghị ala ala ma ọ bụ na-enweghị mgbaàmà, nke na-eme ka a ghara ịhụ mgbochi na njikwa maka mbufe nke nje. Ya mere, nchọpụta ọrịa ndị a n'oge na nke dị irè na-enyere aka na gburugburu ebe obibi ahụike ọmụmụ nwa dị mma.

Ọrịa Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT)

Ọrịa Chlamydia trachomatis nke usoro urogenital tract nwere ike ibute urethritis, epididymitis, prostatitis, proctitis na enweghị ike ịmụ nwa n'ime ụmụ nwoke, ọ nwekwara ike ibute cervicitis, urethritis, ọrịa mkpali pelvic, adnexitis, na enweghị ike ịmụ nwa n'ime ụmụ nwanyị. N'otu oge ahụ, ọrịa Chlamydia trachomatis n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nwere ike ibute mgbawa akpụkpọ ahụ n'oge, ịmụ nwa nwụrụ anwụ, ime ime mberede, endometritis mgbe a gbasịrị ime na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụrụ na agwọghị ya nke ọma n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị ime, enwere ike ibufe ya n'ebe ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ nọ, na-akpata ophthalmia, nasopharyngitis na pneumonia. Ọrịa Chlamydia trachomatis na-adịghị ala ala na nke ugboro ugboro na-aghọ ọrịa, dị ka kansa mkpụrụ ndụ cervical squamous cell na AIDS.

 Ọrịa Neisseria Gonorrheae (NG)

Ihe ndị na-egosi ọrịa Neisseria gonorrhoeae nke eriri afọ bụ urethritis na cervicitis, ihe mgbaàmà ya bụ dysuria, mmamịrị ugboro ugboro, ngwa ngwa, dysuria, mucous ma ọ bụ mwepụ purulent. Ọ bụrụ na agwọghị ya n'oge, gonococci nwere ike ịbanye na urethra ma ọ bụ gbasaa site na cervix, na-akpata prostatitis, vesiculitis, epididymitis, endometritis, na salpingitis. N'ọnọdụ ndị siri ike, ọ nwere ike ibute gonococcal sepsis site na mgbasa hematogenous. Nchikota mucosal nke na-akpata squamous epithelium ma ọ bụ ndozi anụ ahụ jikọtara nwere ike ibute nrụgide urethra, vas deferens na mbelata tubul ma ọ bụ ọbụna atresia na ọbụna ruo ime ime na enweghị ike ịmụ nwa na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị.

Ọrịa Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU)

Ureaplasma urealyticum bụ nje na-efe efe n'ime urethra nwoke, apịtị nke amụ nwoke, na ikpu nwanyị. Ọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa urinary tract na enweghị ike ịmụ nwa n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ọrịa kachasị nke ureaplasma na-akpata bụ urethritis nongonococcal, nke bụ 60% nke urethritis na-abụghị nje bacteria. Ọ nwekwara ike ibute prostatitis ma ọ bụ epididymitis n'ime ụmụ nwoke, vaginitis n'ime ụmụ nwanyị, cervicitis, ọmụmụ nwa oge, obere ibu ọmụmụ, ma nwee ike ibute ọrịa nke sistemu iku ume na akwara etiti nke ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ.

Ọrịa nje Herpes Simplex (HSV)

E kewara nje Herpes simplex, ma ọ bụ herpes, ụzọ abụọ: nje Herpes simplex nke mbụ na nje Herpes simplex nke abụọ. nje Herpes simplex nke mbụ na-akpata herpes ọnụ site na kọntaktị ọnụ ruo n'ọnụ, mana ọ nwekwara ike ibute herpes n'ime akụkụ ahụ. Ọrịa Herpes simplex nke abụọ bụ ọrịa a na-ebute site na mmekọahụ nke na-akpata herpes n'ime akụkụ ahụ. Ọrịa Herpes nwere ike ịmaliteghachi ma nwee mmetụta ka ukwuu na ahụike na akparamaagwa nke ndị ọrịa. Ọ nwekwara ike ibute ọrịa nwa amụrụ ọhụrụ site na placenta na ọwa ọmụmụ, na-eduga na ọrịa a mụrụ nwa nke ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ.

Ọrịa Mycoplasma Genitalium (MG)

Mycoplasma genitalium bụ obere ihe dị ndụ a maara nke na-emegharị onwe ya, nke nwere naanị 580kb ma a na-ahụkarị ya n'ime ụmụ mmadụ na anụmanụ. N'ime ndị ntorobịa na-enwe mmekọahụ, enwere njikọ siri ike n'etiti nsogbu urogenital tract na Mycoplasma genitalium, ebe ihe ruru 12% nke ndị ọrịa nwere mgbaàmà nwere ike ịnwe Mycoplasma genitalium. E wezụga nke ahụ, Mycoplasma Genitalium nke nwere pepole nwekwara ike ịmalite ịghọ urethritis na-abụghị gonococcal na prostatitis na-adịghị ala ala. Ọrịa Mycoplasma genitalium bụ ihe na-akpata mbufụt cervical maka ụmụ nwanyị ma jikọtara ya na endometritis.

Ọrịa Mycoplasma Hominis (MH)

Ọrịa Mycoplasma hominis nke akụkụ ahụ dị n'ime afọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa dịka urethritis na-abụghị gonococcal na epididymitis n'ime ụmụ nwoke. Ọ na-apụta dị ka mbufụt nke usoro ọmụmụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị nke na-agbasa n'etiti cervix, ihe na-akpatakarị ya bụ salpingitis. Endometritis na ọrịa mkpali pelvic nwere ike ime n'ime obere ọnụọgụ ndị ọrịa.

02Ngwọta

Macro & Micro-Test etinyela aka nke ọma n'ịmepụta ihe ndị na-achọpụta ọrịa metụtara ọrịa urogenital tract, ha emepụtakwala ngwa nchọpụta ndị yiri ya (usoro nchọpụta Isothermal Amplification Detection) dịka ndị a:

03 Nkọwapụta Ngwaahịa

Aha Ngwaahịa	Nkọwapụta
Ngwa Nchọpụta Acid nke Chlamydia Trachomatis Nucleic (Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification)	Nnwale iri abụọ/ngwaọrụ Nnwale iri ise/ngwaọrụ
Ngwa Nchọpụta Acid Nucleic Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (Ntinye Isothermal nke Enzymatic Probe)	Nnwale iri abụọ/ngwaọrụ Nnwale iri ise/ngwaọrụ
Ngwa Nchọpụta Acid Nucleic nke Ureaplasma (Ntinye Isothermal nke Enzymatic)	Nnwale iri abụọ/ngwaọrụ Nnwale iri ise/ngwaọrụ
Ngwa Nchọpụta Asịd Nucleic nke Herpes Simplex nke Abụọ (Ntinye Enzymatic Probe Isothermal)	Nnwale iri abụọ/ngwaọrụ Nnwale iri ise/ngwaọrụ

04 Auru dị iche iche

1. A na-etinye njikwa dị n'ime sistemụ a, nke nwere ike inyocha usoro nnwale ahụ nke ọma ma hụ na nnwale ahụ dị mma.

2. Usoro nchọpụta mmụba ike nke Isothermal na-ewe obere oge nnwale, enwere ike nweta nsonaazụ ya n'ime nkeji iri atọ.

3. Site na iji ihe nrụpụta Macro na Micro-Test Sample Release Release Release Release na Macro na Micro-Test Automatic Nucleic Acid Extractor (HWTS-3006), ọ dị mfe iji ma dabara maka ọtụtụ ọnọdụ.

4. Mmetụta dị elu: LoD nke CT bụ 400 copies/mL; LoD nke NG bụ 50 pcs/mL; LoD nke UU bụ 400 copies/mL; LoD nke HSV2 bụ 400 copies/mL.

5. Nkọwapụta dị elu: enweghị mmeghachi omume na ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ya (dịka syphilis, eriri afọ, chancroid chancre, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B na AIDS).

Ntụaka:

[1] LOTTI F,MAGGI M. Nsogbu mmekọahụ na enweghị ike ịmụ nwa nwoke [J].NatRev Urol,2018,15(5):287-307.

[2] CHOY JT, EISENBERG ML. Enweghị ike ịmụ nwa n'ime ụmụ nwoke dị ka windo maka ahụike[J].Fertil Steril,2018,110(5):810-814.

[3] ZHOU Z,ZHENG D,WU H, na ndị ọzọ. Ọrịa na-efe efe nke enweghị ike ịmụ nwa na China: ọmụmụ dabere na ọnụọgụgụ mmadụ[J].BJOG,2018,125(4):432-441.