Covid-19 (2019-nCoV) ebutela ọtụtụ narị nde ọrịa na ọtụtụ nde ọnwụ kemgbe ntiwapụ ya na njedebe nke 2019, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mberede ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ.Healthtù Ahụ Ike (wa (WHO) ewepụtala "ụdị nchegbu nke mutant" ise.[1], ya bụ Alfa, Beta, Gamma, Delta na Omicron, na Omicron mutant strain bụ isi ihe na-ebute ọrịa na-efe efe zuru ụwa ọnụ ugbu a.Mgbe emechara ya na Omicron mutant, ihe mgbaàmà ahụ dị ntakịrị, mana maka ndị pụrụ iche dị ka ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, ndị agadi, ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala na ụmụaka, ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa siri ike ma ọ bụ ọbụna ọnwụ mgbe ọrịa ahụ ka dị elu.Ọnụ ọgụgụ ikpe ọnwụ nke ụdị mutant na Omicron, data ụwa n'ezie na-egosi na nkezi ikpe ọnwụ bụ ihe dịka 0.75%, nke dị ihe dị ka ugboro 7 ruo 8 karịa nke influenza, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agadi na-anwụ, karịsịa ndị gafere afọ 80. ochie, karịrị 10%, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100 ugboro karịa nke influenza nkịtị[2].Ihe ngosi a na-ahụkarị nke ọrịa na-efe efe bụ ahụ ọkụ, ụkwara, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, akpịrị akpịrị, myalgia, wdg. Ndị ọrịa siri ike nwere ike ịnwe dyspnea na / ma ọ bụ hypoxemia.
Enwere ụdị nje influenza anọ: A, B, C na D. Ụdị ọrịa ndị bụ isi bụ subtype A (H1N1) na H3N2, na nje B (Victoria na Yamagata).Influenza nke nje influenza kpatara ga-ebute ọrịa n'oge na ọrịa na-enweghị atụ kwa afọ, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu.Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, a na-agwọ ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 3.4 maka ọrịa ndị yiri influenza kwa afọ[3], na ihe dị ka ọrịa 88,100 nke ọrịa iku ume metụtara influenza na-ebute ọnwụ, na-akpata 8.2% nke ọrịa iku ume na-anwụ.[4].Mgbaàmà ụlọ ọgwụ gụnyere ahụ ọkụ, isi ọwụwa, myalgia na ụkwara akọrọ.Ndị otu dị oke egwu, dị ka ụmụ nwanyị dị ime, ụmụ ọhụrụ, ndị agadi na ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, na-enwekarị ọrịa oyi oyi na nsogbu ndị ọzọ, nke nwere ike ibute ọnwụ n'ọnọdụ ndị siri ike.
1 COVID-19 nwere ihe egwu influenza.
Njikọ ọrịa influenza na COVID-19 nwere ike ime ka mmetụta nke ọrịa ka njọ.Nnyocha e mere na Britain gosiri na[5], ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọrịa COVID-19 naanị, ihe ize ndụ nke ikuku ikuku na ihe ize ndụ nke ọnwụ ụlọ ọgwụ na ndị ọrịa COVID-19 nwere ọrịa influenza mụbara ugboro 4.14 na ugboro 2.35.
Tongji Medical College nke Huazhong University of Science and Technology bipụtara ọmụmụ[6], nke gụnyere ọmụmụ 95 metụtara ndị ọrịa 62,107 na COVID-19.Ọnụọgụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nje na-ebute nje influenza bụ 2.45%, n'ime nke influenza A nwetara oke dị elu.Tụnyere ndị ọrịa butere naanị COVID-19, ndị ọrịa butere influenza A nwere nnukwu ihe egwu dị elu nke nsonaazụ siri ike, gụnyere nnabata ICU, nkwado ikuku ikuku na ọnwụ.Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrịa na-efe efe dị ala, ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa na-efe efe na-eche ihe ize ndụ dị elu nke ga-esi na ya pụta.
Meta-analysis na-egosi nke ahụ[7], ma e jiri ya tụnyere B-stream, iyi A-yika ka ọ ga-ebute ọrịa COVID-19.N'ime ndị ọrịa 143 jikọtara ọnụ, 74% bu ọrịa A-stream, na 20% bu nje B-iyi.Ọrịa ọnụ nwere ike bute ọrịa ndị ọrịa ka njọ, ọkachasị n'etiti otu adịghị ike dịka ụmụaka.
Nnyocha e mere na ụmụaka na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na-erubeghị afọ 18 bụ ndị a kpọgara ụlọ ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nwụọ n'ihi influenza n'oge oge flu na United States na 2021-22.[8]na ihe omume nke njikọta ọrịa influenza na COVID-19 kwesịrị nlebara anya.N'ime ikpe ụlọ ọgwụ metụtara influenza, 6% bu ọrịa COVID-19 na influenza, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọnwụ metụtara influenza ruru 16%.Nchoputa a na-egosi na ndị ọrịa butere ọrịa COVID-19 na influenza chọrọ nkwado iku ume na-adịghị mma na nke na-adịghị emerụ ahụ karịa ndị nwere naanị nje influenza, ma rụtụ aka na njikọta ọrịa nwere ike ibute ọrịa dị njọ karịa ụmụaka. .
2 Nchọpụta dị iche iche nke influenza na COVID-19.
Ma ọrịa ọhụrụ na influenza na-efe efe nke ukwuu, ma enwere myirịta na ụfọdụ mgbaàmà ụlọ ọgwụ, dị ka ahụ ọkụ, ụkwara na myalgia.Otú ọ dị, usoro ọgwụgwọ maka nje abụọ a dị iche, na ọgwụ nje ndị e ji eme ihe dị iche.N'oge ọgwụgwọ, ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere ike ịgbanwe ụdị ọgwụgwọ ọrịa a na-ahụkarị, na-eme ka o sie ike ịchọpụta ọrịa ahụ naanị site na mgbaàmà.Ya mere, nchoputa ziri ezi nke COVID-19 na influenza kwesịrị ịdabere na nchọpụta dị iche iche nje iji hụ na ndị ọrịa nwere ike nweta ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị ma dị irè.
Ọtụtụ ndụmọdụ nkwenye na nyocha na ọgwụgwọ na-atụ aro na njirimara ziri ezi nke COVID-19 na nje influenza site na nyocha ụlọ nyocha dị ezigbo mkpa maka ịmepụta atụmatụ ọgwụgwọ ezi uche dị na ya.
Atụmatụ Nchọpụta Ọrịa Influenza na Ọgwụgwọ (mbibi 2020)》[9]na 《Nchọpụta Ọrịa Influenza okenye na Nkwekọrịta Ọkachamara Ọkachamara Mberede (Mbipụta 2022)》[10]niile na-eme ka o doo anya na influenza yiri ọrịa ụfọdụ na COVID-19, na COVID-19 nwere mgbaàmà dị nro na nke a na-ahụkarị dịka ahụ ọkụ, ụkwara akọrọ na akpịrị akpịrị, nke na-adịghị mfe ịmata ọdịiche dị na influenza;Ngosipụta siri ike ma dị oke egwu gụnyere nnukwu oyi baa, nnukwu nsogbu iku ume na arụ ọrụ akụkụ ahụ, nke yiri ihe ngosi ụlọ ọgwụ nke influenza siri ike na nke dị oke egwu, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka e kewaa ya site na etiology.
Nyocha na atụmatụ ọgwụgwọ ọrịa coronavirus ọhụrụ (mbipụta nke iri maka mmejuputa nnwale)[11]kwuru na ọrịa Covid-19 kwesịrị ịdị iche na ọrịa akụkụ iku ume nke elu nke nje ndị ọzọ kpatara.
3 Ọdịiche dị na ọgwụgwọ influenza na ọrịa COVID-19
2019-nCoV na influenza bụ ọrịa dị iche iche nke nje dị iche iche kpatara, na usoro ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche.Iji ọgwụ nje eme ihe nke ọma nwere ike igbochi nnukwu nsogbu na ihe ize ndụ ọnwụ nke ọrịa abụọ a.
A na-atụ aro ka iji obere ọgwụ mgbochi nje dị ka Nimatvir/Ritonavir, Azvudine, Monola na nkwụsị ọgwụ mgbochi dị ka Ambaviruzumab/Romisvir monoclonal antibody injection na COVID-19.[12].
Ọgwụ mgbochi influenza na-ejikarị neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir), hemagglutinin inhibitors (Abidor) na RNA polymerase inhibitors (Mabaloxavir), nke nwere mmetụta dị mma na nje influenza A na B na-ewu ewu ugbu a.[13].
Ịhọrọ usoro mgbochi nje kwesịrị ekwesị dị ezigbo mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ 2019-nCoV na influenza.Ya mere, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ịchọpụta nje ahụ nke ọma iji duzie ọgwụ ụlọ ọgwụ.
4 COVID-19/ Influenza A / Influenza B Triple nkwonkwo nyocha ngwaahịa nucleic acid
Ngwaahịa a na-enye njirimara ngwa ngwa na nke ziri ezi of 2019-nCoV, influenza A na nje influenza B, ma na-enyere aka ịmata ọdịiche nke 2019-nCoV na influenza, ọrịa abụọ na-efe efe nke iku ume nwere mgbaàmà ụlọ ọgwụ yiri ya mana usoro ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche.Site n'ịchọpụta pathogen, ọ nwere ike iduzi mmepe ụlọ ọgwụ nke mmemme ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche ma hụ na ndị ọrịa nwere ike nweta ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị n'oge.
Mgbakọta ngwọta:
Nchịkọta ihe atụ-- mmịpụta acid nucleic--reagent nchọpụta-- mmeghachi omume yinye polymerase
Ezigbo njirimara: chọpụta Covid-19 (ORF1ab, N), nje influenza A na nje influenza B n'ime otu tube.
Nke na-enwe mmetụta nke ukwuu: LOD nke Covid-19 bụ 300 nnomi/mL, na nke nje influenza A na B bụ 500 nnomi/ml.
Mkpuchi zuru oke: Covid-19 gụnyere ụdị mutant niile ama ama, yana influenza A gụnyere oge H1N1, H3N2, H1N1 2009, H5N1, H7N9, wdg, yana influenza B gụnyere Victoria na Yamagata strains, iji hụ na ọ gaghị efu. nchọpụta.
njikwa mma ntụkwasị obi: arụnyere na-adịghị mma / njikwa ziri ezi, ntụaka dị n'ime yana njikwa mma okpukpu anọ UDG, njikwa reagents na arụmọrụ iji hụ na nsonaazụ ziri ezi.
A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe: dakọtara na ngwa PCR fluorescence nke ọwa anọ n'ahịa.
Mwepụta akpaaka: ya na Macro & Micro-Testakpaka nucleic acid mmịpụta usoro na mmịpụta reagents, ọrụ arụmọrụ na agbanwe agbanwe nke nsonaazụ na-mma.
Ozi ngwaahịa
Ntụaka
1. Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa.Na-enyocha ụdị SARS-CoV-2[EB/OL].(2022-12-01) [2023-01-08].https://www.who.int/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants.
2. Nkọwa nke ikike _ Liang Wannian: Ọnụọgụ ọnwụ na Omicron bụ ugboro asaa ruo asatọ karịa nke flu _ Influenza _ Epidemic _ Mick _ Sina News.http://k.sina.com.cn/article_3121600265_ba0fd70900109.
3. Feng LZ, Feng S, Chen T, et al.Ibu nke influenza-metụtara ndị ọrịa influenza-dị ka ọrịa ndụmọdụ na China, 2006-2015: a onu ogugu nke dabeere na ọmụmụ[J].Influenza Nje Virus iku ume ndị ọzọ, 2020, 14(2): 162-172.
4. Li L, Liu YN, Wu P, et al.Ọnwụ iku ume iku ume na-emetụta influenza na China, 2010-15: ọmụmụ dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ [J].Ahụike Ọha Lancet, 2019, 4 (9): e473-e481.
5. Swets MC, Russell CD, Harrison EM, et al.Ọrịa SARS-CoV-2 nwere nje influenza, nje syncytial iku ume, ma ọ bụ adenoviruses.Lancet.2022;399 (10334): 1463-1464 .
6. Yan X, Li K, Lei Z, Luo J, Wang Q, Wei S. Ọganihu na nsonazụ metụtara nke coinfection n'etiti SARS-CoV-2 na influenza: nyocha usoro na meta-analysis.Int J Ọrịa Dis.2023;136:29-36 .
7. Dao TL, Hoang VT, Colson P, Nde M, Gautret P. Co-efe efe nke SARS-CoV-2 na nje nje influenza: A usoro nyochaa na meta-analysis.J Clin Virol Plus.2021 Septemba;1 (3): 100036.
8. Adams K, Tastad KJ, Huang S, et al.Ọgbasa nke SARS-CoV-2 na Influenza Coinfection na njirimara ụlọ ọgwụ n'etiti ụmụaka na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma <18 bụ ndị ụlọ ọgwụ anabatara ma ọ bụ nwụọ na influenza - United States, 2021-22 Influenza Season.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71 (50): 1589-1596 .
9. National Health and Wellness Committee of People's Republic of China (PRC), nchịkwa steeti nke ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China.Mmemme Nchọpụta Ọrịa Influenza na Ọgwụ (Mbipụta 2020) [J].Akwụkwọ akụkọ Chinese nke ọrịa na-efe efe na-efe efe, 2020, 13 (6): 401-405,411.
10. Alaka dọkịta na-ahụ maka ahụike mberede nke Chinese Medical Association, Ngalaba Ọgwụ Ọgwụ Mberede nke Chinese Medical Association, China Emergency Medical Association, Beijing Emergency Medical Association, China People's Liberation Army Emergency Medicine Professional.Nkwenye nke ndị ọkachamara ihe mberede na nchọpụta na ọgwụgwọ influenza okenye (mbibi 2022) [J].Akwụkwọ akụkọ China nke ọgwụ nlekọta ahụike, 2022, 42 (12): 1013-1026.
11. General Office of the State Health and Wellness Commission, General Department of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Ọkwa na ibipụta na ikesa akwụkwọ akụkọ coronavirus Ọrịa Ọrịa na Atụmatụ Ọgwụgwọ (mbibi nke iri).
12. Zhang Fujie, Zhuo Wang, Wang Quanhong, et al.Nkwekọrịta ndị ọkachamara na ọgwụ mgbochi nje maka ndị butere ọrịa coronavirus ọhụrụ [J].Akwụkwọ akụkọ Chinese nke ọrịa na-efe efe na-efe efe, 2023, 16 (1): 10-20.
13. Alaka dọkịta na-ahụ maka ahụike mberede nke Chinese Medical Association, Ngalaba Ọgwụ Ọgwụ Mberede nke Chinese Medical Association, China Emergency Medical Association, Beijing Emergency Medical Association, China People's Liberation Army Emergency Medicine Professional.Nkwenye nke ndị ọkachamara ihe mberede na nchọpụta na ọgwụgwọ influenza okenye (mbibi 2022) [J].Akwụkwọ akụkọ China nke ọgwụ nlekọta ahụike, 2022, 42 (12): 1013-1026.
Oge nzipu: Mar-29-2024